Part-time Jobs For Students A Good Idea Essay - 1302 Words

Part-time Jobs for Students: A Good Idea I, being employed with a part-time job, truly do believe that there is no wrong in having a part-time job while being a student. I honestly think that it is an awesome, great idea for students to have part-time jobs before they graduate from high school -- if they have the time and resources to do so. Students who are responsible, or learn responsibility, have nothing to loose but all to gain by having a job. There are a few key points that prove students having part-time jobs is an awesome concept which I am going to point out. A student that can maintain a part-time job gain excellent first-hand experience that cannot be gained from the classroom. Today, if you are looking in the help†¦show more content†¦A student with a part-time job will learn not only great work ethic, but also how to balance the demanding workloads between school and work. This is great for when students go on to become involved in other activities because they will know time management and how to bal ance their energy between activities. Time management is a skill that is extremely important to students and people in today?s world because everything is so fast, and compressed; there is a lot to do in a typical day of a student! Employed students must learn how to work while still making time for their studies and other things. They will also have to learn confidence in telling the boss when they absolutely can not work because schoolwork must come first. For example, I used to work about 40 hours a week at Tim Horton?s while I was attending Northern full time as a student. Between all this, I was training for boxing, running x-country, maintaining a social life and such but I kept my schoolwork the first priority with my job running in a close second. It was hard to get on track of balancing everything while working eight(plus) hour day shifts but I was able to manage it, and find use for every moment I had awake. I learned a lot from that time in my life and now every day I get I seem to plan out and make sure I have the proper time for everything. Students learning how to balance their workload will benefit a lotShow MoreRelatedPart-Time Jobs for Students: a Good Idea1323 Words   |  6 PagesPart-time Jobs for Students: A Good Idea I, being employed with a part-time job, truly do believe that there is no wrong in having a part-time job while being a student. I honestly think that it is an awesome, great idea for students to have part-time jobs before they graduate from high school -- if they have the time and resources to do so. Students who are responsible, or learn responsibility, have nothing to loose but all to gain by having a job. There are a few key points that prove studentsRead MoreWhy Should Part Time Jobs For Students?919 Words   |  4 Pagesmain task for high school students is to study hard in order for them to get a well-paid job in the future. Whether students should be involved in a part time job has been a controversial topic. There are many reasons why part time jobs for students could be a bad idea. Despite these reasons, there are a lot more benefits to having a part time jobs than the negatives. The pros outweigh the cons. Students in high school should have part time jobs because it helps students develop useful life skillsRead MoreBenefits Of Time Management Skills907 Words   |  4 Pagesleast a part time job during the school year (Perna). This outstanding statistic found in a survey shows how many students work a job for various reasons. Many critics and parents argue that part time jobs can cause negative effects to their grades and bodies. But studies show the opposite effects that happen to students who work. Time management skills can be developed, student expenses are lessened, and critical job related skills are all positives that a student gains from having a part time job whileRead MoreSummer And Part Time Job925 Words   |  4 PagesSummer or part-time job There are plenty of reasons to get a part-time or summer job if you are a student. You get extra money, it may provide valuable experience, you may network, you may make a few good contacts, and you may improve your social life. Turning a part-time or summer job into a valuable asset to your career is easier than you think. You Need A Job That Will Not Hurt Your Studies You may have to face the fact that some courses will not allow you to take a part-time job because theyRead MorePart-Time Job Survey Report1627 Words   |  7 PagesReport Report title: The part-time job situation of students in Oxford Brookes University Course: UPS - C Student name: Cathy Words : 1,095 Content Abstract 2 Introduction 2 Methods/ Procedure 2 Present the results of research 3 Chart 1. Hours students spend on part-time job. 3 Chart 2. The reason students have a part-time job. 3 Chart 3. Influence and purpose of part-time job. 4 Chart 4 most difficult thing when having a part-time job 5 Discuss the results andRead MoreShould Student Do Part-Time Job?1448 Words   |  6 Pages  Nowadays, students love to have part-time jobs. Their parents approve it easily as they are said to gain experience from working. However, having a job is a big responsibility for a student .by working their routine as students will be disturb. They have a lot of homework to do rather than working outside. In addition of school homework, there is tuition they have to attend especially the examination candidates. By working, they are most likely to skip their classes if their shifts overlap theirRead MoreWhy College Students in Metro Manila Take Up Part-Time Jobs1423 Words   |  6 PagesBackground of the Study A part-time job is a form of labour where in one works fewer hours per week than that of someone who works at a full time job. Those who have part-time jobs work for less than thirty to thirty-five hours a week. May it be capable, post-graduate adults or under-aged students, the amount of people with part time jobs have increased over the past 20 years in most developed countries. â€Å"There are many reasons for working part time, including the desire to do so, having oneRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School1041 Words   |  5 Pagesin the end, was this school successful? Were its students prepared to succeed? A successful high school is a school that prepares students for a job or college. In truth, a successful school prepares students for the real world. High school should teach all students the basic abilities used in the work force. Although being prepared for the real world can mean many different things, in this case, it means that all students should be able to find a job directly after high school if they want to or theRead MoreHow Can You Ensure That You Are Giving Learners The Best Chance?779 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolves understanding a speaker s accent or pronunciation, his grammar and his vocabulary, and grasping his meaning (Howatt and Dakin). An able listener is capable of doing these four things together. During the listening students hear different accents and types. When students listen or read they process the information they hear both top-down and bottom-up. Top-down means using our prior knowledge and experiences; we know certain things about certain topics or situations and use that informationRead MoreEvaluation Of Lesson Assessments:. †¢ The First Assessment1388 Words   |  6 Pagesthe students are accomplishing objective two. Also, I do not think that there is enough class discussion about the contrast of roles of family members, historical fiction, and memoirs to gain much of an understanding about where the students are with their learning. †¢ The T-Chart assessment is well thought out. However, there is no rubric so it will be difficult for the students to remember and know what is expected of them. It also, really only addresses objective three. This is a good idea, but

Comparison Between Religions - 1788 Words

Comparison between Orthodoxy, Protestantism Roman Catholicism: The table below aims to given an outline of some of the key issues in Christian belief and how the three traditions view these issues. I have tried to state what might be called the representative view of each tradition; though there are obviously differing views within each of them e.g. the diverse range of opinions on the presence of Christ in the Eucharist. The links under the More information section should be consulted for the definitive positions. With thanks to Father Gregory Hallam for his assistance. |Topic |Orthodox |Protestant |Roman Catholic | |Apostolic†¦show more content†¦| | | |* Eucharist - Presence |During the Eucharist, the Priest calls |The bread and wine, being symbols, |As in Orthodoxy, the Priest invokes the | |of Christ in |down the Holy Spirit (in Greek: |do not change substance. There are |Holy Spirit during the Mass. However, the| | |epiklesis) upon the gifts (the bread |however, a wide variety of views |consecration becomes effective through | | |and the wine). They then change into |held within Protestantism on this |the Priest, who acts in the person of | | |the actual body and blood of Christ. |subject (e.g. some Anglicans accept|Christ. The gifts change completely into | | |The precise way in which this happens |the Catholic view, whereas Baptists|Christs body and blood and this change | | |is a divine mystery. |deny it). |is termed Transubstantiation i.e. the | | | | |outward appearance remains the same, but | | |Show MoreRelatedComparison Between Durkheim And Freud s Theory Of Religion1110 Words   |  5 Pagesto the study of religion namely Durkheim and Freud will take place. This will consist of four stages, firstly an introduction comprising of a definition of religion by Durkheim will occur. Secondly a comparison and contrast of the approaches by Freud and Durkheim to the study of religion, as well as the strength and weaknesses of these approaches and lastly a presentation of a conclusion will occur. A number of problems are often encountered when dealing with the study of religion, the foremost problemRead MoreTwo Opposing Powers1619 Words   |  7 Pages I recently read two articles concerning the topics of science and religion. Chet Raymo, author of Miracles and Explanations, offers insight on how science and religion are closely related while David Ludden, author of â€Å"Teaching Evolution at a Christian College†, declares that science and religion are too contradicting from one another and that people are unwilling to open their minds to new ideas once they have established their beliefs (Raymo Ludden, 2011). This is a topic that has had controversyRead MoreReligion Provides a Humane Society as a Whole Essay721 Words   |  3 PagesWhere does religion come from and what is its function? This simple question has been studied, defined, and debated by a variety of individuals with differing schools of thought throughout history. Although the conjunction of different ideologies from many of these theorists would provide the most comprehensive solution to this question, Mircea Eliade’s theory as a whole most convincingly addresses this question compared other separate theories as a whole. In particular, Eliade’s emphasis of studyingRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 Pages200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"one who strives to summit to god.†(Christian answers) Judaism is the oldest and twelfth largest religion in the worldRead MoreThe Comparison of Hinduism and Abrahamic Religions1149 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: The Comparison of Hinduism and A brahamic Religions The Comparison of Hinduism and Abrahamic Religions By Christa Dunwoody Abstract The differences between Hinduism and Abrahamic Religions are many. The primary difference of beliefs is that Abrahamic Religion believes that there is one God. Hinduism beliefs vary being Pantheistic, monotheistic and polytheistic it is one of the most complex religions of the world. In the comparison of Hinduism and Abrahamic Religion differ on theirRead MoreThe Relationship Between Morality and Religion in the Dalai Lama and John Pope Ii Perspective1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Relationship Between Morality and Religion In the Dalai Lama and John Pope II Perspective The complexities on the issue of the relationship between religion and morality is intriguing in the sense that there is no right or wrong answer, but merely your own intrinsic belief. The 14th Dalai Lama, spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists, believes that you cant have religion without morals, but you can have morals without religion. This seems to contrast with the view of John Paul II, in the senseRead MoreGods Existence and Christianity in Why I Am Not Christian by Bertrant Russell1492 Words   |  6 PagesReligion has been the cause for countless fights, debates, and wars throughout the existence of humankind. There have been many people who have stepped into the void of the endless dispute, among them are ones claiming God’s existence, and the ones refuting it. The forms of this endless debate fall into many categories to express opinions on religion: speeches, poems, and essays. It is common for these forms of expression to sway to both ends of the spectrum on religi on. One of the most common topicsRead MoreEssay on A comparison of Ancient Rome and Pre WW1 United States908 Words   |  4 PagesA comparison of Ancient Rome and Pre WW1 United States Title: The Roman Empire and the Early United States A comparison The purpose of this paper is to show the comparison between remarkable empires that were created in many years apart. I chose to compare Pre-World War I United States and the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire information is said to be recorded between 753BC – 1184 BC (ThinkQuest) and the Pre World War I information is between late 19th century and early 20th century (Encarta)Read MoreReligion In Hamlet Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagescannot act against them due to his moral code. Shakespeare uses this recognition to exemplify Hamlet’s devotion to religion over his personal emotions. This devotion is an important part of Hamlet’s character because it leads him to address religious issues with consideration to consequences throughout the play. However, Hamlet’s foil, Laertes does not show the same cosideration to religion. After warning his sister, Ophelia, to not take part in any sinful actions with Hamlet, she warns him not too beRead MoreJudaism, Christianity , And Islam Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesEdwin Bridges Professor Humanities 7 July 2015 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam The religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have some significant similarities, but also many differences. These religions are founded on the same basic religious beliefs; however with each large similarity, there are major differences in how that belief is made up and practiced. Each of these religions has a Holy Book that is, ‘the word of God,’ and that the followers use as a guide to live by. Judaism has

The Antibiotics Self Medication Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Background: self medicine with antibiotics is devouring drugs to handle self diagnosed infection without confer withing doctors which is broad spread abuse of antibiotics in developing states. Purpose: this survey purpose to measure the prevalence of behavioural abuse of antibiotics by self medicine among wellness professional pupils in J.U. We will write a custom essay sample on The Antibiotics Self Medication Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now S.T, and to measure the association between ego aa‚ ¬ † medicine and doing factors. Design: across-sectional design will utilize. Method: random sample of 400 pupils in J.U.S.T university, selected from 4th twelvemonth degree in modules of ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, and nursing ) , validated questionnaire will used to roll up informations, pilot survey sample ( 40 pupils ) , informations analysis through statistical bundle of societal scientific discipline ( SPSS ) . Decision: the determination will supply of import informations about prevalence of abuse of medicine among the four groups ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, nurse ) , which will be of import in understanding the wellness load of the development of antibacterial opposition. Introduction A important addition in the mortality and morbidity rate of antecedently treatable infections disease due to the outgrowth of opposition among infective and common bacterium. This turning opposition to antibiotics represents a planetary menace to human sort. The major job of antibiotics self medicine is the outgrowth of opposition which means the effectivity of antibiotics will worsen and therefore infections turned to be more hard and really expensive to handle and epidemics become harder to command ( WHO report, 2005 ) ( reka bisht, 2009 ) . Further, other serious side consequence may develop like harm to some critical organ like kidney and liver, and devastation of normal vegetations in the organic structure. The purpose of this survey is to look into the prevalence of behavioural abuse of antibiotics by self medicine without prescription and its part to antibacterial opposition among wellness professional pupils at J.U.S.T university, and compare the consequence with similar surveies. In Jordan, no much behavioral based survey was conducted. One of these survey conducted by Al-Bakri et Al ( 2005 ) to measure beginnings, form and rightness of antibacterial drugs ingestion within the Jordanian population? ? ? ? ? All other surveies carried in Jordan were based on community, wellness establishment, or infirmary scene? ? ? ? ? ? ? . Literature reappraisal The old surveies defined self medicine as consuming of drugs without reding from their doctors or use of any medicine for ego intervention without audience of wellness attention professions ( sharrif, 2011 ) . Study design A cross-sectional survey will be conducted to look into the magnitude of antibiotic abuse and to measure the most likely causation factors act uponing this behaviour among wellness professional pupils in ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, and nursing ) . This descriptive exploratory survey will be performed utilizing a self-administered questionnaire. Population and sample A convenient random choice of pupils will be performed to transport out the survey. The sample choice will be will be from all pupils in 4th specializer to be chosen every other pupil. This indiscriminately selected sample is considered homogeneous with regard to their age ( 4th twelvemonth degree pupils ) , educational degree, and wellness professions. Data will be collected from the pupils during their presence in their regular categories at the beginning of the 2nd semester in 2013. A entire figure of 400 questionnaires will be distributed on pupils in 4th specializer. Puting The survey will be conducted in an academic based puting on 4th twelvemonth degree pupils of the 4th wellness co-workers ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, and nursing ) at Jordan university of scientific discipline and engineering. Data aggregation A pre-designed structured questionnaire in Arabic linguistic communication will be used to roll up the information on ego medicine with antibiotic from the survey population. The questionnaire will be pre-tested on a little pilot population ( 40 pupils ) , from every specializer to find the diction and format of the questionnaire, completeness of response, the clip needed to finish the signifier. After that the questionnaire will be modified consequently. University administrative blessing will be obtained ( IRB ) to ease the distribution of the questionnaire. At the beginning of the questionnaire, the intent of the survey will be explained and so the pupils will be asked to reply all inquiries. Consequently, demographic informations such as name, age, gender, reference, and forte co-worker will be followed. The questionnaire will dwell of structured unfastened and closed terminal inquiries and multiple response inquiries, the informations will be classified into point, which in bend will be given codifications used for intent of computing machine informations entry. The questionnaire will distributed to pupils at the terminal of their talk after informing and obtaining consent of the teaching staff and so collected after completion clip ( the clip will find related to fly survey ) . The response rate will be 100 % . Statistical analysis Data will be analyzed by utilizing SPSS, descriptive analysis will be conducted. Prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics will be reported as per centum. Categorical information will be presented as frequence of happening and will be analyzed by chi-square trial. Continuous informations will be presented as mean and standard divergence and will be analyzed by pupil t-test. The P value of less than 0.05 was considered important at the 0.05 degree. Restriction First, our topic will be drawn from health-professional pupils instead than other specializer. Second, the age distribution of the sample population will be different from the age distribution from general distribution of Jordan. Further surveies are needed to affect wider scope of ages to find the magnitude of self-medication abuse of antibiotics in the general population. Third, this is a retrospective survey, some prejudice might go on when the pupil have to retrieve how many times, continuance of intervention, besides should retrieve the name of antibiotics have been taken in old 12 months. Fourth, the questionnaire will be administered to pupils during their presence in their regular category. So, pupils may impact each other ‘s replies to inquiry, in malice of research worker ‘s instructions. What are anticipating to happen out is: Antibiotics self medicine without prescription is extremely prevalence among wellness professional pupils. Uncontrolled purchase of antibiotics from pharmaceuticss ( over the counter ) without prescription, and handiness of antibiotics at place ( remnant ) are the most common beginning of self medicine. Upper respiratory piece of land infection is the major wellness jobs reported to be treated by antibiotics self-medication. The fiscal factors plays a function in choosing the type and the sum of antibiotics by self medicine individual. How to cite The Antibiotics Self Medication Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

International Journal of Computer Application - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. Different technology of Wireless LAN like IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, etc. has different merits. Research any 4 WLAN technologies in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which WLAN 802.11 standard will become the dominant players in the future . 2. Compare and contrast the FHSS and DSSS in the area of wireless networking? 3. A local engineering group ask you to present your finding on different types of antennas used in wireless technologies. Research on 4 different types of antennas in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which antenna types will become the dominant players in the future. Please submit power point slides in your answer. Answers: Answer 1 There are different technologies of Wireless LAN, such as IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and so on. These wireless technologies have different merits and demerits. The different aspects of these wireless technology is discussed below- IEEE 802.11a Wireless IEE 802.11a operates in 5-GHZ frequency band. This band is also termed as UNII or Universal Networking Information Infrastructure band. UNII is divided into three parts, UNII-1, UNII-2 and UNII-3. UNII-1 is mainly used for indoor usage, where an antenna is fixed to the radio. UNII-2 on the other hand is used for both indoor and outdoor usage, with the help of either a fixed or a remote antenna; while UNII-3 is only used for outdoor. The maximum speed of 802.11a is 54 mbps and uses OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) for modulation. IEEE 802.11a is therefore, mostly used in WIFI. It shows the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. This standard of wireless technology was released in the year 1999 and has a bandwidth of 20MHZ. IEEE 802.11a makes use of single input and single output technologies of antenna. Outdoor frequency ranges to 5Km within an operating frequency of 3.7G. It is less prone to interference in comparison to 802.11b mainly because of a higher operating frequency (Chakraborty eta al., 2014). The strength is that the data rate in this standard is flexible and offers 12 non-overlapping channels. However, it is somewhat expensive that other standards, which is its major weakness IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11b was also released in 1999 and enables a propagation speed of 11 mbps. It operates in 2.4 GHz operating frequency with a bandwidth of 22MHz. It makes use of Direct Sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation technique and employs SISO antenna technology, similar to IEEE 802.11a. This standard is prone to higher interference due to its frequency range, as the frequency range of 2.4 GHz is becoming over crowded with carriers. The indoor range of IEEE 802.11b is 35m while that of outdoor range is 140m (Yuan et al., 2013). The strength is that his technology is less expensive, but has a greater interference, which is one of the major weaknesses. IEEE 802.11g It is a combination of IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11b and was released in 2003. It operates in 2.4GHz frequency with a bandwidth of 20MHZ used (Baldi et al., 2013). the maximum speed in 54mbps, which is its major advantage along with the fact that it is compatible with 802.11b. However, it has interference issues as well. IEEE 802.11n It was released in 2009 and uses multiple antennas in transmission and data receive. It employs OFDM modulation technique and supports multiple input and multiple output, which is a key strength of this standard. However, the only weakness is its cost of implementation (Lim, Kim Suh, 2012). Therefore, it can be said that IEEE 802.11n will become a dominant player in future. This is because of the speed and reliability of this standard. This standard provides better service in comparison to the other three standards discussed above. The speed is very high, however, the cost of implementation should be a bit less as it is a major roadblock in evaluation of this standard (Khanduri and Rattan, 2013). Answer 2: FHSS: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum or FHSS is a process by which radio signals are transmitted by rapid interchange or switching of the carriers among the different frequency channels. The radio signals are transmitted across numerous channels with the pseudorandom sequence. The sender and receiver know this sequence. It is defined in 2.4GHz band and is operated in round 79 frequencies that range from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz (Torrieri, 2015). It is a robust technology and with very less issues of interference from noise and other environmental factors. It finds its usage on cellular or fixed broadband wireless access as in this cases, the use of DSSS is ractically impossible. Furthermore, in FHSS, the number of simultaneously active systems in a single geographic area is higher. Therefore, this technology is mainly used in designs that cover a large area. FHSS systems generally operate in narrow band signals that are mainly located around the different carrier frequencies. Like DSSS, F HSS also retransmits the lost packets until a proper acknowledgement is received across the channel, thus increasing the accuracy of data transfer (Zeng et al., 2012). DSSS: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Direct sequence spread spectrum is a transmission technology and is generally used in local area networks. The data signals in DSSS are coupled with an increased data rate sequence, dividing the entire data in different spreading ratios. DSSS is resistant to jamming, which is its major advantage. It furthermore has an advantage of sharing channels among multiple users. It is generally used for transmission of digital signals in order to resist the jamming attempts. A particular stream of information in DSSS is subdivided into a number of small pieces. Data signals at points of transmission are combined in a higher data bit rate sequence in DSSS. If any bits of data is damaged during the transmission, the original data can be easily recovered. The major differences between FHSS and DSSS are as follows (Swamy et al., 2013)- While transmission, FHSS changes the frequency while that of DSSS changes the phase FHSS is considerably easier to synchronize in comparison to DSSS DSS finds its use in positioning system whereas, FHSS is used in cellular or fixed broadband connections. DSS has a short latency time while the latency time in FHSS is higher. DSSS possess no dwell time, whereas the dwell time in FHSS is 400 microsecond DHSS generally has short indoor range and long outdoor range, while in FHSS both indoor and outdoor range is short. The overall data throughput is higher in DSSS in comparison to FHSS (Quyen, Yem Hoang, 2013). The constant processing gain in DSS corresponds to a better signal to noise ratio while in FHSS there is no processing gain. Answer 3: Different types of Antenna References Baldi, M., Bianchi, M., Maturo, N., Chiaraluce, F. (2013). A physical layer secured key distribution technique for IEEE 802.11 g wireless networks.IEEE wireless communications letters,2(2), 183-186.). Chakraborty, U., Kundu, A., Chowdhury, S. K., Bhattacharjee, A. K. (2014). Compact dual-band microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11 a WLAN application.IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,13, 407-410 Khanduri, R. and Rattan, S.S., 2013. Performance comparison analysis between IEEE 802. 11a/b/g/n standards.International Journal of Computer Applications,78(1). Lim, W. S., Kim, D. W., Suh, Y. J. (2012). Design of efficient multicast protocol for IEEE 802.11 n WLANs and cross-layer optimization for scalable video streaming.IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,11(5), 780-792 Quyen, N. X., Yem, V. V., Hoang, T. M. (2013). A chaos-based direct-sequence/spread-spectrum communication scheme.). Swamy, M.K., Deepthi, M., Mounika, V. and Saranya, R.N., 2013. Performance analysis of DSSS and FHSS techniques over AWGN channel.Development (IJECIERD),3(2), pp.7-14. Torrieri, D. (2015).Principles of spread-spectrum communication systems. Springer. Yuan, W., Wang, X., Linnartz, J. P. M., Niemegeers, I. G. (2013). Coexistence performance of IEEE 802.15. 4 wireless sensor networks under IEEE 802.11 b/g interference.Wireless Personal Communications, 1-22. Zeng, X., Cai, H., Tang, X. and Yang, Y., 2012. A class of optimal frequency hopping sequences with new parameters.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,58(7), pp.4899-4907.

Get Rid of the Electoral College free essay sample

Get rid of the Electoral College Harvard, Stanford, and Cornell College are all renowned colleges, but have you heard of the Electoral College? It has been in existence for over two hundred years. This is a unique college where the only requirement to participate is that one must be at least eighteen years old. The Electoral College has no campus, meal tickets, football team, or even academics. However, it is the most important college because it helps the American people make one very important decision, determining the President. The Electoral College is not actually a â€Å"college,† it is a voting method. This is the only voting method ever used to elect the President; however, it may not represent the voters’ choices as accurately as other methods. The 2000 presidential election wasn’t a true reflection of the voters’ choices when Al Gore received over half a million more votes than George Bush, and Bush became the president. We will write a custom essay sample on Get Rid of the Electoral College or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A nationwide popular vote will reflect the voters’ choices better than the Electoral College; the Electoral College is outdated amp; needs to be wiped out because of the numerous defects it has. In 1787, two things forever changed the face of American politics: First, a group of national leaders drafted the U. S. Constitution and second, they decided the average citizen wasnt knowledgeable enough to elect a president without the bridge of a system known as the Electoral College. The Electoral College was created by the framers of the U. S. Constitution as a compromise for the presidential election process (Bonser, and Dove). At the time, some politicians believed a purely popular election was too reckless and would give too much voting power to highly populated areas in which people were too familiar with a certain presidential candidate. Others objected to the possibility of letting Congress select the president. So the Electoral College was a system that allowed voters to vote for electors, who would then cast their votes for candidates. In the 1836 election, the Democratic-Republican’s Presidential candidate, Martin Van Buren, won both the popular vote and the electoral vote. His main competition was the Whig Party. The Whig Party was a political party active in the early 19th century in the United States. The Whigs hoped to expose the design of the Electoral College by running several different candidates in different areas, picking individuals with a great deal of regional appeal. The Whigs hoped to win a party majority throughout the country with this method, which would then allow them to choose the individual they wished to become President. They were unsuccessful and Martin Van Buren won the election with nearly 60% of the Electoral votes, though his popular vote lead was just over 50%. His running mate, Richard M. Johnson, did not fare so well. 23 Democratic-Republican Electors of Virginia refused to give him their votes. Without those 23 votes, Johnson did not receive a majority vote within the Electoral College. The decision was deferred to the Senate where Johnson was finally elected by a majority vote as the new Vice President. One of the flaws of the Electoral College is that a candidate who wins the national popular vote can lose the overall election. This phenomenon has actually occurred in the past. The most recent occurrence was in the 2000 election. George Bush received 271 electoral votes but lost the nationwide popular vote by half a million votes to Al Gore, who received 266 electoral votes (â€Å"What Is the Electoral College? †). Larger states carry a tremendous amount of power in swaying the presidential election, since their large population allows them to receive a multitude of electoral votes. The Electoral College has been the basis for nearly all of our presidential elections, but it is time to update to a more logical system. The Electoral College is not the best solution to elect the president, as it has become obsolete (Dayen). The Electoral College was a solution for the problems that were relevant when it was first established. Now, these problems cease to exist. The Electoral College was an idea that was feasible when first instituted, because communication was limited and national political parties had yet to be established. Travel and communications are no longer problems. The Electoral College needs to be replaced to fix the current problems, not the problems of the past. The Electoral College makes it possible for citizens’ votes in certain states to essentially not matter at all. Since all of the electoral votes go toward the candidate that wins the popular vote in a state, if a state has a majority of people who vote for a certain party and a voter votes for the other party, his vote does not have any effect on the election outcome. The Electoral College system is leaving hundreds of thousands of vote’s discounted and irrelevant. The Electoral College twists each vote’s worth per state, causing the nation’s desires to be misrepresented. The Electoral College does not always show a distribution of support. A candidate could win the electoral votes in only eleven states and that amount of electoral votes would be enough to become president. Supporters of the Electoral College remarked that the Electoral College would enforce the concept of federalism. Federalism is the division and sharing of powers between the state and national governments. The states, through the Electoral College, are empowered to choose the president and vice president. It restores some of the political balance that states with a large population lose, by benefit of the distribution of the Senate decreed in the Constitution. This is illogical, given that electoral votes are weighted in favor of less populated states. There are many drawbacks to the Electoral College, in terms of campaign effects, that outweigh the benefits. If the presidential election was decided by a national popular vote, instead of the Electoral College, campaigning would broaden to every state (Buttery). Every American’s vote would make an impact on the election outcome and would have the same worth as everyone else’s. Getting rid of the Electoral College will not be a walk in the park, but representing the voter’s choice by implementing a nationwide popular vote would be worth the work. To change the Electoral College, legislators would need to pass a bill to override the Electoral College and establish a nationwide popular vote as the voting method for electing the president. Passing a bill that changes the system for electing the president would be a monumental task. If a bill is successfully passed to change the Electoral College to a nationwide popular vote, it will reduce disagreement about election outcome by lessening the controversy regarding accurate representation of the voters’ choices.

Calvin College Essay Essays

Calvin College Essay Essays Calvin College Essay Essay Calvin College Essay Essay I have a vision of what my college experience will look like. It is a montage of college scenes pulled from books, movies, and my university tours. I see guitar-accompanied picnics and Converse sneakers crunching through leaves on a sidewalk. I see countless chai lattes turning into empty cups during late night essay writing, during which I’m simply adorned in a hoodie and headphones. I see the magic bond that forms between two nervous freshmen roommates as they spontaneously belt out a song in tune with the radio. When I walked through the picturesque Calvin campus, I could truly envision myself in Converse sneakers on my way to conquer an essay with a chai latte and headphones at the ready. I don’t know whether college will look like that or not, but I hope to balance the challenges and rigors of learning, with enthusiasm and a sense of community. I hope that I will have the opportunity to love life, and show love toward others, at Calvin. I am drawn to the intimate campus and dedicated staff at Calvin College because it reminds me of the school in which I grew up. Rudolf Steiner is a small, unique school that has encouraged me to explore, pursue my passions everyday, show responsibility toward my community, and have a familial relationship with my peers. I was encouraged to appreciate music, art, travel, language, and to revel in the triumphs that are possible when a community comes together to share their gifts and talents. It is this creative spirit and sense of loyalty that I hope to bring to Calvin. I want to grow in character as well as in my academics. I want to feel inspired, and to inspire others. Film is my passion and it is my goal to capture enchanting moments, from the purity of a dance silhouetted by a melting sunset, to the quiet elegance of an artist who is surrounded by the bustle of life and yet completely alone with a sketchbook. For me, there are few things more satisfying than being able to portray to my friends the love and beauty that I see in them. I also hope to utilize skills and ideas learned in my Youth Leadership Team experience, and apply them to my Calvin experience. On my church Mission Trip, I was moved by the verse Timothy 4:12 regarding youth and behavior, which is good advice for college students. I am committed to embracing the weightlessness of my youth, while setting a strong and noble example in character. This is what I hope to continue at Calvin. I know that college will be full of challenges and that it may not match my cinematic depiction. I am confident, however, that if I keep my friends close, pursue my passions, and stay in touch with my faith, I will carve out a future that inspires me and touches others in a positive way.

Case study analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case study analysis - Term Paper Example Google was one of the pioneers to introduce easy and fast search. There technique of PageRank gained them more popularity. PageRank was used to measure the importance and relevance of a website based on the back links the site had from other famous sites. The AdWords introduced by Google gave many companies to advertise their products and website on web. AdWords gives the client the ability to select the relevant key words they prefer. Whenever these key words appear in the search the websites which have chosen these keywords will be displayed. Google has been able to change the concept of viral marketing altogether (Google’s Country Experiences: France, Germany, Japan, 200). Cultural Dimension of Google Google has been able to change a lot of traditional corporate work culture. Google has always promoted work with fun concept. They believe in keeping their work place playful yet efficient. Google management does not believe in serious nature of work, they believe that it is o nly when the employees are happy that they will be more efficient and creative in their work. When Google went for global expansion, their offices in all the countries had the work culture. The employees were never asked to come in formal attire. The aesthetics of the offices all over were also done with a casual attitude. Where other corporates promoted business like attitude in all their aspects, Google stuck to their core belief that work can be fun. It was a little difficult for employees in countries like Britain and other European Union countries to adapt to Google’s work culture. The informal way of conducting themselves in work place is an alien thing for these countries that associate work with serious attitude. Google has been known to promote ethnic expression at work place (Hamen, 2003). The Google management encourages their employees to mingle with each other. They encourage people hailing from different countries and communities to interact with each other. Thi s helps the employees to broaden their thought process. The set up in all Google offices is done in such a way that all employees have their meals together in cafeteria. Google also is famous for encouraging women employment in many countries to promote gender equality. The employees are provided with all the facilities like food, massage parlour and pool table etc. in the office complex itself. However, Google does stress enough importance on performance also. All employees are expected to perform to the best of their capability. The raise and promotions are based on the performance of the employee. An employee who is able to perform brilliantly while having fun is an ideal employee for Google. Google does not want its employee to lose focus from their jobs. The facility provided by them is to facilitate more productivity not divert the focus of the employees. The rapid growth of Google in different countries confirms the business viability of their unconventional ways. The busines s model of Google has raised many objections in many countries. Many countries like France and China do not agree to their business model. Google had to modify many of the original products they offered to accommodate country specific demands and laws (Google’s Country Experiences: France, Germany, Japan, 202). Revenue Earning Potential of Google Focusing on the revenue earning dimension of the company it is found that in the previous days Google used to

Emergency Management Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Emergency Management Plan - Essay Example â€Å"Communication lines are often knocked out altogether or if not they are either overloaded or sketchy or busy† (Lalrokima, 2013, p.176). This is because most people attempts to use the lines when a disaster strikes. â€Å"Wireless system is the obvious choice when normal telephone and mobile phone does not exist† (Lalrokima, 2013, p.176). Wireless communication of a radio is based on radio waves that use the satellite or terrestrial system. Another option of communication that can be adopted is Radio frequency spectrum that covers very minimum to extreme maximum frequencies (Lalrokima, 2013). It is significant to consider the distance between the Emergency Operation Center (EOC) and the Incident Command Posts. It is because EOC manages the community-wide resources necessary to complete the rescue operations. The EOC requests resources through mutual aid and establishes traffic control points at critical evacuation junctions. In addition, the EOC locates the resources, directs them to staging areas set up by the ICP operation, and releases them to the Incident Commander’s control. Meanwhile, the EOC requires status updates from the Incident Commander to determine how long the shelters must remain open. In addition, the EOC determines resource distribution of food and sanitation facilities among the shelters operating on the ICP network (Zobel, 2008). In many occasions when an incident occurs, whether major accidents or minor incidents such as a house fire or major calamities such as hurricanes and earthquakes, it needs responses from a variety of agencies. Despite how big the incident is, all calamities require a well-organized and determined attempt to ensure a successful response and achieve the maximum use of available resources. In other words, no single agency can handle an emergency of any scale alone. Therefore, having a multiple incidents command posts ensures that there is efficient use of all of the available

Health and Safety Practices Plan (Part Two), Product Safety and Research Paper

Health and Safety Practices Plan (Part Two), Product Safety and Security Risks - Research Paper Example 132). The Apple Company strongly believes and upholds each worker’s health and safety. The company requires its suppliers create a safe working conditions and at the same time upholding the standards in its Code. Risks assessment techniques The company’s has health and safety programs that start with standard audits, and include occupational health and safety training which is carried out throughout its supplier base. Audits have resulted in various noncompliance findings, such as workers not wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, lack of first-aid supplies and fire detection equipment, or inadequate exit paths for emergency evacuations. In the last ten years, Apple has grown to become one of the biggest and most successful companies in the world. Apple and other American industries have achieved a dozen of achievements nearly unmatched in modern history. Workers involved in the assembling of iPhones, iPads and other devices are said to labor in harsh and di fficult conditions, which is according to employees inside most of its plants, advocates of these workers and documents published by companies themselves. Security risk More serious violations in the past have also included the exposure to chemicals as a result of poor ventilation, and where workers perform activities at dangerous heights in the absence guardrails or safety harnesses. The apple production uses n-hexane to clean mobile phones screen. The employees find the smell very irritating which makes the eye aches. In case of a prolonged inhalation one may feel weak, in addition, the chemical causes tingling and numbness in the hands and feet. The first poisoning case was discovered in July 2009 and triggered a strike at that time. Afterwards, Wintek sent two doctors to give employees physical exams. According to an employee, the only test the doctors did was to tap their knees with hammers. While recognizing that this is a, method of diagnosis, workers felt the examination was not professional. None of the workers were diagnosed as poisoned during the health examination. Deeply worried about their health, workers went to hospitals for further exams. Around 100 of them were told that their nerves were damaged. After the health examination, the employee had to be advised how he/she would attend the duties to prevent further damage of the nerves. Explaining why workers had to rest at home instead of receiving treatment at the hospital, the management said there was not enough bed space in the hospital. Wintek, which Apple’s n-hexane supplier, promised that workers who were discharged from hospital could rest at home for 3 months. The victims were entitled to a compensation, which included the basic wage, nutrition allowance and meal subsidy. Since the workers' strike, propane and isopropanol are being used in place of n-hexane, and the ventilation system has been improved. However, workers believe the new cleanser is also toxic. Some time the company discovers worker health and safety issues not covered by its regular audits. The company digs deeper to understand the cause of the problem and, in some cases, hire experts to conduct specialized assessments. The results of these assessments have led to the development of new standards for its suppliers to follow. Safety measures In the year 2010, Apple sought the services of Foxconn to initiate an employee assistance program (EAP) at one of its

All About Screw Pumps Engineering Essay

All About Screw Pumps Engineering Essay Screw pumps are rotary, positive displacement pumps that can have one or more screws to transfer high or low viscosity fluids along an axis.   A classic example of screw pumps is the Archimedes screw pump that is still used in irrigation and agricultural applications.   Although progressive cavity pumps can be referred to as a single screw pumps, typically screw pumps have two or more intermeshing screws rotating axially clockwise or counterclockwise.   Each screw thread is matched to carry a specific volume of fluid.   Like gear pumps, screw pumps may include a stationary screw with a rotating screw or screws.   Fluid is transferred through successive contact between the housing and the screw flights from one thread to the next.   Geometries can vary.   Screw pumps provide a specific volume with each cycle and can be dependable in metering applications.   The geometries of the single or multiple screws and the drive speed will affect the pumping action required.   The capacity of screw pumps can be calculated based on the dimensions of the pump, the dimensions of the surface of the screws, and the rotational speed of the rotor since a specific volume is transferred with each revolution.   In applications where multiple rotors are used, the load is divided between a number of rotating screws.   The casing acts as the stator when two or more rotors are used.   Based upon the needs of the application, timed or untimed rotors may be chosen. Untimed rotors are simpler in design.   The combination of factors relating to the drive speed, flow, and the characteristics of the fluid transferred may affect the flow rate and volume fed through each cavity. In water and wastewater treatment applications, a less viscous solution will require a lower power drive compared to untreated sewage, excess sludge, or concentrated slurries, which may require a higher power motor.   The viscosity of the fluid transferred and the lift required may affect the speed and power required.   Indicators of pump malfunction include decrease in flow rate or increased noise. The efficiency of screw pumps requires that each rotor turns at a rate that allows each cavity to fill completely in order to work at full capacity.   Theory Screw pumps are a unique type of rotary positive displacement pump in which the flow through the pumping elements is truly axial. The liquid is carried between the screw threads on one or more rotors. The liquid is then displaced axially as the screws rotate and mesh. In other types of rotary pumps, the liquid is forced to travel circumferentially, however the screw pump has an axial flow pattern and low internal velocities. It provides a number of advantages in many applications where liquid agitation or churning is objectionable. Screw pumps are classified as two different types: the single rotor and the multiple rotor. The multiple rotor is further divided into timed and untimed categories. Timed rotors rely on outside means for phasing the mesh of the threads and for supporting the forces acting on the rotors. Untimed rotors rely on precision and accuracy of the screw forms for proper mesh and transmission of rotation (Fraser, et. al., 1986.). History: The screw pump is the oldest type of pump. The first applications, dating back to the third century B.C., included irrigation and land drainage. The screw pump is thought to have been first used in Egypt (Ewbank, 1972). After several other types of pumps were invented, the screw pump was not used as much because these other pumps could handle higher head capacities. However, later it was found that these pumps could not handle wastewater like the screw pump could. Because of this, the screw pump became widely used for such an application. The Dutch were the first to design a spiral lift screw in 1955. After this, double screw units were put into operation for flood control in the Netherlands and in municipal sewage installations in Europe. Based on excellent results from the pumps used in Europe, the trend extended to Canada and United States and are currently used today (Cheremisinoff, et. al., 1992) [2]. How a Screw Pump Works: Screw pumps for power transmission systems are generally used only on submarines. Although low in efficiency and expensive, the screw pump is suitable for high   pressures   (3000   psi),   and delivers   Ã‚  fluid   Ã‚  with   Ã‚  little   Ã‚  noise   Ã‚  or   Ã‚  pressure pulsation. Screw   pumps   are   available   in   several   different designs;   however,   they   all   operate   in   a   similar manner.   In   a   fixed-displacement   rotary-type   screw pump (fig. 1, view A), fluid is propelled axially in   a   constant,   uniform   flow   through   the   action of just three moving parts-a power rotor and two idler   rotors.   The   power   rotor   is   the   only   driven element,   extending   outside   the   pump   casing   for power   connections   to   an   electrical   motor.   The idler  rotors   are   turned   by   the   power   rotor   throu gh the   Ã‚  action   Ã‚  of   Ã‚  the   Ã‚  meshing   Ã‚  threads.   Ã‚  The   Ã‚  fluid pumped   between   the   meshing   helical   threads   of the idler and power rotors provides a protective film to prevent metal-to-metal contact. The idler rotors   perform   no   work;   therefore,   they   do   not need to be connected by gears to transmit power. The   enclosures   formed   by   the   meshing   of   the rotors inside the close clearance housing contain the fluid being pumped. As the rotors turn, these enclosures   move   axially,   providing   a   continuous flow.   Effective performance   is   based   on   the following   Ã‚  factors: The rolling action obtained with the thread design   of   the   rotors   is   responsible   for   the   very quiet pump operation. The symmetrical pressure loading   around   the   power   rotor   eliminates   the need   for   radial   bearings   because   there   are   no radial   loads.   The   cartridge-type   ball   bearing   in   the pump   positions   the   power   rotor   for   proper   seal operation.   The   axial   loads   on   the   rotors   created by discharge pressure are hydraulically balanced. The key to screw pump performance is the operation   of   the   idler   rotors   in   their   housing bores. The idler rotors generate a hydrodynamic film   to   support   themselves   in   their   bores   like journal bearings. Since this film is self-generated, it   depends   on   three   operating   characteristics   of the   pump-speed,   discharge   pressure,   and   fluid viscosity. The strength of the film is increased by increasing   the   operating   speed,   by   decreasing pressure, or by increasing the fluid viscosity. This is why screw pump performance capabilities are based   on   pump   speed,   discharge   pressure,   and fluid   viscosity. The supply line is connected at the center of the pump housing in some pumps (fig. 1, view B).   Fluid   enters   into   the   pumps   suction   port, which   opens   into   chambers   at   the   ends   of   the screw assembly. As the screws turn, the fluid flows between the threads at each end of the assembly. The   threads   carry   the   fluid   along   within   the housing   toward   the   center   of   the   pump to the discharge port [1]. Three Basic Types : Single Screw The single screw pump is more commonly known as the Archimedean screw. It is quite large; typical dimensions include a diameter of 12 inches or greater, and a length up to about 50 feet. It is normally used as a water-raising pump with the screw arranged at an angle of 30 degrees. It can also be used for handling liquids containing solids in suspension with either vertical lift or horizontal transport. The design of single screw pumps allows very little fracturing of particles and little abrasion damage to the pump. One disadvantage is the considerable bulk necessary to achieve high capacities since rotational speeds are of the order of 30-60 rpm (Warring, 1984) [5]. Intermeshing Screw Pump The intermeshing screw pump is commonly called a rigid-screw pump. This type of pump is suitable for a wide range of sizes, and can be run at high speeds. The larger screw pumps are used for bulk handling of oils and similar fluids. The basic type is suitable for handling most clean fluids with low flow velocities and at low heads (Warring, 1984)[5]. Eccentric screw pump The eccentric screw pump is versatile. It is capable of handling a variety of liquids and products with high efficiency. It comprises of a rigid screw form rotor rolling in a resilient internal helical stator of hard or soft rubber with a moderately eccentric motion. It can handle viscous liquids, slurries, pastes, solids in suspension, and delicate products. This is because of the low flow velocities through the pump (Warring, 1984)[5]. Applications: There are several applications of the screw pump that include a wide range of markets: utilities fuel oil service, industrial oil burners, lubricating oil service, chemical processes, petroleum and crude oil industries, power hydraulics, and many others (Fraser, et. al., 1986). Listed below are some typical situations where a screw pump is used. The benefits of using a screw pump in each of these situations are discussed (Cheremisinoff, et. al., 1992)[2]. Raw sewage lift stations: Can handle variety of raw sewage influent, are non-clogging, require little attention, are resistant to motor overloads, and are not affected by running dry Sewage plant lift stations: Used for sewage lifts up to 40 feet and have self-regulating lift capacity (Normal lifts are 30 feet, while high lifts are 40 feet high.) Return activated sludge: Little floc disintegration, nonturbulent discharge into effluent channel, low horsepower requirements, improved activated sludge treatment. Stormwater pumping: Are ideal because of large capacity at low heads, no prescreening necessary Land Drainage: Used for flood control, can pump large volumes of water over levees. Capacity : The delivered capacity of any screw pump is the theoretical capacity minus the internal leakage. In order to find the capacity of a screw pump the speed of the pump must be known. The delivered capacity of any rotary screw pump can be increased several different ways. The capacity can be increased by simply increasing the speed, increasing the viscosity, or decreasing the differential pressure. The capacity of the pump depends on several factors (Cheremisinoff, et. al., 1992)[2]: Diameter of the screw Speed of the screw Number of flights mounted on the screw shaft Flights: Single, double, and triple flights are often used. Flights are also known as helixes. With each increase in flights, there is a 20% increase in capacity. Therefore, a single flight pump has a capacity that is 80% of a double flight pump, which in turn has a capacity that is 80% of a triple flight capacity. The three-flight pump can handle the most capacity in the least amount of space. Angle of inclination of the screw The greater the angle of inclination, the lower the output. The output lowers approximately 3% for every degree increase over a 22 inclination. Level of influent in the influent chamber Ratio of the diameter of the screw shaft to the outside diameter of the screw flights Clearance between screw flights and trough Advantages : Wide range of flows and pressures Wide range of liquids and viscosities Built-in variable capacity High speed capability allowing freedom of driver selection Low internal velocities Self-priming with good suction characteristics High tolerance for entrained air and other gases Minimum churning or foaming Low mechanical vibration, pulsation-free flow, and quiet operation Rugged, compact design easy to install and maintain High tolerance to contamination in comparison with other rotary pumps (Fraser, et. al., 1986)[4]. Disadvantages : Relatively high cost because of close tolerances and running clearances Performance characteristics sensitive to viscosity change High pressure capability requires long pumping elements (Fraser, et. al., 1986)[4]. Characteristics and Efficiency of Screw Pumps: The screw pump has a number of very important advantages compared with centrifugal due to recovery of velocity head at the discharge pumps. In order, however, to appreciate fully pipe are not as great, what the screw pump will do as compared with the centrifugal pump, particularly for low head operation, it is necessary to have a thorough knowledge of the characteristic curves of both types of pumps. The three curves which are reproduced here show an actual comparison between a screw pump and a 36-in. centrifugal pump. A great deal of care has been taken to make this comparison as fair as possible; but owing to the dissimilarity of the characteristics of the two pumps, a perfect comparison is practically impossible. For this reason , wherever it is impossible to make the conditions coincide exactly for the two different pumps, the centrifugal pump has been given every advantage, yet even under rather severe handicaps, the screw still maintains its supremacy under low head conditions. The combined curve shown in Fig. 3 illustrates that at all heads lower than 12.6 ft. the screw pump is the more efficient of the two pumps. It will be noticed that the 42-in. centrifugal has not been compared with the 42-in. screw pump because the screw pumps are designed for such very low heads that the suction and discharge sizes are made larger than the connections for centrifugal pumps which handle the same capacity. In other words, the 42-in. centrifugal pump would have a capacity so much greater than that of the 42-in. screw that comparison would be impossible. All of the total heads which are shown in the three curves are total dynamic heads, and this includes the velocity head. Therefore, the water delivered from the screw pump is moving at a lower velocity because of the size of pipe, and hence it is in a more usable form. The entrance losses of the suction pipe and the losses due to recovery of velocity head at the discharge pipe are not as great. It has often been stated that the speed of a screw pump can be much higher than that of a centrifugal operating under the same conditions. These curves demonstrate this beyond a doubt. It will be noted that the centrifugal pump operates at 224 r.p.m., while the screw pump operates at a speed more than 50 per cent in excess of this, namely, 360 r.p.m. The advantage in the cost and the efficiency of a motor for operating these two pumps is distinctly in favor of the screw pump. Furthermore, the screw pump is a much lighter pump, requiring less expensive foundations, and it is easier to install. The 42-in. screw pump weighs 9,000 pounds, while the 36-in. centrifugal pump weighs 21,000 pounds. This shows that the body of the screw pump is much smaller than that of the centrifugal pump in spite of the fact that the pipe sizes are larger than the latter. In addition to this, the arrangement for pumping over levees, or between canals at different levels, is much more simple for the screw pu mp than for the centrifugal pump. The property through which the canal runs is always long and narrow and the screw pump, together with its prime mover, makes a long narrow installation which lends itself to the shape of the property in which it is to be installed. The centrifugal pump is usually a more costly pump to produce than the screw pump, and this is especially true of the pump with the characteristics shown in Fig. 2 because of the fact that this 36-in. pump has a Francis runner. The Francis runner is known for its efficiency at low heads and in this case the curve reaches the unusually high maximum point of 90 per cent. This is partly due to the special design and partly due to the very careful workmanship and careful testing of the unit in question. The screw pump, on the other hand, had a caststeel runner whose surfaces were only partially smooth. No great effort was made to bring up its point of maximum efficiency, and therefore it does not exceed 76 per cent at any point. Yet, even in the face of these handicaps of workmanship and finish on the particular units which were selected for this comparison, the screw pump is shown to be inherently a more efficient pump at low heads. It does not take a great deal of imagination to see how the screw pump efficiency curve of Fig. 3 would compare with the centrifugal pump efficiency curve had its blades been made of bronze and highly polished so as to reach a maximum point somewhere above 80 per cent. The curves shown in Fig. 3 are out of the ordinary in that they are plotted against the total head rather than against the conventional gallons per minute. This is done because the comparisons are at low heads rather than at a given capacity. By using this method of plotting, it can readily be observed that at low heads the efficiencies of the two pumps can be read directly from the chart. For example, at a head of 6 ft. the efficiency of the screw pump is 57 per cent while that of the centrifugal pump is only 42 per cent. This same information could be taken from the other curves but it would be inconvenient to do so. To get the efficiency from Fig. 1 it is necessary first to read the capacity. At 6 ft. the capacity is approximately 37,000 g.p.m. The efficiency is quite indefinite on account of the steepness of the curve; but it is apparent that it checks approximately with the reading given in Fig. 3; namely, 57 per cent. Also in Fig. 2 it is necessary first to read the capacity and then the efficiency, which checks with Fig. 3 and is 42 per cent. In addition to this, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 would not make a graphical comparison even if plotted on the same sheet. The important point which should be kept in mind is that these curves may not show up the screw pump to advantage when read in their entirety but that at the extreme right where the points of low working heads exist the advantages of the screw pump begin to assert themselves. It is under these conditions that a screw pump should be used. In general, these curves have demonstrated, directly or indirectly, most of the advantages of the screw pump over the centrifugal as follows: Higher efficiency at low heads, higher speed, lighter weight, smaller dimensions, lower first cost, lower cost of installation, cheaper motor, more efficient motor, low head installation. [6].

Summary of Holes by Louis Sachar Essay -- essays research papers

HOLES LOUIS SACHAR Stanley Yelnats is under a curse, one that began with his no-good-dirty-rotten-pig-stealing-great-great-grandfather and has followed generations of Yelnats. Stanley has been falsely convicted of stealing Clyde ?Sweet Feet? Livingston?s, a famous baseball player, sneakers from a homeless shelter. Now he must attend a boy?s detention center, Camp Green Lake, where bad boys dig holes all day, every day, digging holes five feet wide and five feet deep, to become good boys. There is no lake at Camp Green Lake, But there are an awful a lot of holes. When Stanley first gets to the camp he meets Mr. Sir a man that dresses like a cowboy and has just quit smoking. Mr. Sir tells Stanley that if he wants to run he can run, but that Camp Green Lake is the only place with water for a hundred miles. Then Stanley goes to his tent, tent D, and meets his guidance counselor Mr. Pendanski who everyone else calls ?Mom?. He is introduced to his fellow inmates who are Squid, X-ray, Magnet, Armpit, Zigzag, and Zero. Stanley quickly learns that there nicknames are there only names to call them when he calls Armpit ?Theodore? and gets thrown to the ground. The kids ask Stanley why they sent him to the camp and he tells them it was his no-good-dirty-rotten-pig-stealing-great-great-grandfather. He was unjustly convicted of stealing Clyde Livingston?s cleats from a shelter. Stanley was walking when they just fell from the sky and hit him on the head, he took them and started to run home when the police pulled him over and thought he had stole them. Stanley pleaded his case to the court but they didn?t believe and it was Camp Green Lake or jail, as any sane kid would, he picked the camp. Camp Green Lake reminded Stanley of th... ...s the song ?If only, if only? and since zero is the descendant of Madame Zeroni he breaks the curse that was on his bloodline. They continue traveling when they decide to start digging for treasure. They start digging because Stanley found lipstick that belonged to Kate Barlow and they went back to the area where they found it. Stanley and Hector find the treasure but are surrounded by yellow spotted lizards so they have no choice but to stay in the hole with out moving. A lawyer comes to Camp Green Lake looking for Stanley and the warden and the counselors star looking for them. The next day the warden finds them in the hole and tries to take the treasure but it has Stanley?s name on it. The lawyer goes to take Stanley home and he says he will only go if they can take Zero. Since the warden erased Hector?s files the camp gets shutdown and everyone goes back home.

Serial Killer Research

The Insanity Of Killers Serial murder is a psychological crime in many aspects. It is a planned, thought out action. The crimes themselves are often committed in order for the killer to gain a sense of power, control, and domination. There must be psychological desires and/or perceived needs that are otherwise lacking in his or her life. Are serial killers insane? Not by legal standards. The legal definition of insanity is based on the 19th century M’Naghten Rules: Does the offender understand the difference between right and wrong?If he flees or makes any attempt to hide the crime, then the offender is not insane, because his actions show that he understood that what he was doing was wrong. Yet what person in their right mind would filet young children and write letters to the parents, glorifying over what a fine meal their child made? In the case of Albert Fish, the jury found him â€Å"insane, but he deserved to die anyway. † A formal definition of legal insanity fir st was adopted in 1843 and is called the M'Naghten test; its basic form still is used today.The test outlines that the defense must clearly prove that the accused person was so impaired psychologically as to not understand that the crime was wrong when he or she committed it. Most crime experts believe that serial killers are not insane and are fully aware of their actions at the time that they commit murders. What's more, serial murderers commit several crimes, so it would follow that they should be proved as insane when planning and committing all the crimes they're charged with.Some serial killers have been diagnosed as psychopaths, or people who act with total disregard for the rights of others; they can tell the difference between right and wrong, however, so psychopaths aren't considered insane. Society believes that the insanity defense is used far more often than it actually is and people believe that the defense is used as a tactic to avoid punishment. People perceive seria l killers as inhumane and question how they could ever commit the crimes that they do.Some think it is inhumane to put a killer to death, but isn’t it even more inhumane to kill as many people as that killer did? One of the most predictable attempts to shift the blame is by creating an evil dark side, or alter ego. Fabricating an alter ego is a convenient way to pin the guilt on another, even if that other is within. It's a psychological variation of â€Å"the devil made me do it. † But diabolical alter egos are usually clumsy constructions that fall apart under scrutiny. At best, a legitimate split personality could hope for a mental institution instead of death row.But authentic cases are exceptionally rare. The motives of serial killers can be placed into five different categories: visionary, missionary, hedonistic, gain motivated, power and control. Visionary is like having that little voice in your head telling you to do something, so the killer listens and even s ometimes tries to shift the blame on to the voice and claiming to be insane. So-called missionary killers believe that their acts are justified on the basis that they are getting rid of a certain type of person and thus doing society a favor.The hedonistic type kills for the sheer pleasure of it, although what aspect they enjoy varies. This is the most common type of serial killer depicted in slasher and horror movies, psychological thrillers, and so on. Gain motivated, most criminals who commit multiple murders for material ends (such as Mafia hit men) are not classed as serial killers, because they are motivated by economic gain rather than psychopathological compulsion. Power and control, their main objective for killing is to gain and exert power over their victim.Such killers are sometimes abused as children, leaving them with feelings of powerlessness and inadequacy as adults. They must be insane, what normal person could slaughter another human, for the sheer pleasure of it? Yet the most chilling fact about serial killers is that they are rational and calculating. As the â€Å"British Jeffrey Dahmer† Dennis Nilsen put it, â€Å"a mind can be evil without being abnormal. † Serial Killer-Psychopathic or Psychotic Differences between the two. What is a serial killer? A serial killer is a person who attacks and kills victims one by one in a series of incidents.Some characteristics of a serial killer is that they have a minimum of three to four victims, usually with a â€Å"cooling off period† in between. The killer usually is likely to victimize a stranger than they are to victimize someone that they know. The serial killer has a sadistic urge to dominate there victims, they do not profit, except for psychological satisfaction. The serial killer usually looks for victims that are vulnerable. The majority of serial killers are white males, in there late 20’s to early 30’s, but some have been known to be a lot older.Serial k illers usually come from lower to middle class family backgrounds and they usually have at least an average intelligence. There are two types of serial killers, the psychotic and the psychopath. The psychotic serial killer is one who is legally insane, they cannot tell the difference between right and wrong, they may hear voices, see visions and sometimes may have hallucinations prior to committing the murders. â€Å"The son of Sam† aka David Berkowitz is a great example of a psychotic serial killer. The second type of serial killer is the psychopathic serial killer.The psychopathic serial killer does not suffer from hallucinations, they know the difference between right and wrong, and are in touch with reality, they just do not care what the are doing is not right. Psychopathic serial killers lack one very important trait and that is that they do not have a conscience, or that there conscience is too weak to stop the violent behavior. A psychopathic serial killer does not fe el any guilt, nor are they sorry for there actions. There are numerous theories as to whether a person is born with the predisposition to kill; some theories suggest that the psychopath is a product of his/her environment.It is possible that it is a combination of both genetics anjd the person’s environment. The worst part of a psychopathic serial killer is his/her ability to blend in with their environment. They will act normal, but underneath there persona, lies two uncontrollable traits; sexual abnormality and a consuming need for power. The killing satisfies both the ultimate control over life and death. Simply, killing gives them pleasure, they will because they want to and because they enjoy doing so.The only thing that stops a serial killer from committing these types of killings is either they are arrested or they die. Works Cited Debswood, . â€Å"Serial Killer – Psychopathic or Psychotic. † Scienceray. 19 2008. Web. 2 Nov 2012. . Ward, Daniel. â€Å"T he M'Naghten Rule: A Re-evaluation. † Marquette Law Review. Marquette Law Scholarly Commons, n. d. Web. 4 Nov 2012. . Bardsley, Marilyn. â€Å"Albert Fish. † Trutv-Crime Library. A Time Warner Company. Web. 3 Nov 2012. . Sullivan, Andrew. â€Å"Mind of Madness. † Studymode. studymode. com, 27 2011. Web. 5 Nov 2012. .

Sony Corporation essays

Sony Corporation essays The Sony Company was incorporated in 1946 as Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation. Its founders were Masaru Ibuka, whose Japan Precision Instruments Company had supplied electronic devices during World War II, and Akio Morita, an applied sciences instructor. The venture, which was funded by Morita's father, was formed to apply the advanced technology developed during the war to the manufacturer of consumer products. They renamed the company Sony (from the Latin sonus, sound) in 1958 and became one of the world's largest electronics corporations. Akio Morita came from a family with a long tradition of sake brewing and was expected to follow in the family business. Instead he showed an early interest in technology, eventually attending Osaka Imperial University and graduating in 1944 with a degree in physics. While serving in the navy during World War II he met Masaru Ibuka, industry's representative on the Wartime Research Committee. Ibuka was an imaginative engineer, a perfectionist who helped to create some of Sony's most popular products. Under his technical leadership, Sony introduced the first transistor television set in 1959, the first solid-state videotape recorder in 1961, and the Trinitron TV, launched in 1967. Toward the end of the war, Ibuka began a new business, Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation. He was a pioneer in applying leading electronics technology to a broad range of consumer products. He also originated a new direction in the Japanese electronics industry from modifying existing technologies to creating new business opportunities. Ibuka and Morita along with seven employees and $375 in capital started work in an abandoned department store amid the devastation of early 1946. The company's first innovation, an electric rice cooker, failed, but the pair persevered. Even Sony's failures are successes: Sony's Beta videotape format fell out of favor with the consumer market, but the ...

Zachary Taylor essays

Zachary Taylor essays Zachary Taylor was the twelfth President of the United States. He was a very interesting person. He was a crook, a gambler, a drunkard, and had a very short temper. One source claimed that  ¡seeing Zachary Taylor sober was something few people could claim to have done. ¡ A short time after Taylor was born in 1784, he was given the peculiar nickname  ¡muskrat head ¡. The exact story behind this nickname has since been lost. Taylor was very sensitive when it came to his nickname. The sighting of this repulsive animal, or the mentioning of the animal ¡s name, could send Taylor into a fury. When Taylor was six years old, he was being taunted by two of his classmates about his nickname. He punished them by chaining them to a windmill and feeding them large bunches of grass. On another occasion, at the age of sixteen, Taylor showed everyone that no matter who you were, he would become violent at the mere mentioning of the animal. On a family trip to the zoo, Taylor was escorting a young lady. The girl unknowingly and innocently pointed at a family of muskrats, referring to them as  ¡queer-looking beasts ¡. Zack was infuriated. He then turned monkeys, tropical birds, an alligator, and an antelope loose, and hurled a peanut vendor ¡s stand into a mud hole. Zachary Taylor was also known for his strange behavior. He liked to hide from no one in particular in a wagon of rotten vegetables and paint his beard blue. He once set a local paper mill on fire. He liked to lure unsuspecting girls into his  ¡secret clubhouse ¡, located in the sub-basement of the Taylor home. On religious holidays, he enjoyed dressing like a giant purple butterfly. When Taylor unexpectedly became President in 1849, his behavior did not improve. He was notorious for his laziness. After holding office for little over half a day, he feasted on fourteen pounds of French pastries and a jug of Indian corn whiskey. He then fell asleep in the White H...

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Marketing Communication (IMC) - create Marketing communication plan for the charity of your choice - Essay Example The UNICEF has several programs being implemented in the United Kingdom. These programs touch the areas: childcare and breastfeeding, education, communities, and interaction with the government on changing particular laws and policies that are deemed detrimental to a child’s rights. This Marketing Communications Plan will zoom in UNICEF’s program called ‘Communities’, an effort that aims to interact with various organizations that involve children and the youth to develop a new award scheme called Child Friendly Communities. UNICEF has defined the characteristics of a child-friendly community, which includes general knowledge, understanding and upholding f children’s rights and an equal regard for children with ethnic background, origin and orientation. These communities must have active programs that engage the youth and give high regard to their opinion and contribution. II. DISCUSSION 1. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS (PESTEL) There are four basic rights of a child, namely: The right to survival – life, health, nationality, nutrition and name The right to development – education, leisure, care and recreation The right for protection – from exploitation, abuse, neglect The right to participation – to expression, information, thought and religion (Child Rights 2011) However, most, if not all rights are not being observed in many parts of the world. In UK alone, studies show that there are 3.8M children considered to be living in poverty (Poor children in England as young as five hide their needs from parents to protect them from the impact of poverty, new report reveals 2011). In 2005, approximately 1.4 billion people across the globe are living in extreme poverty, and every day, around 16,000 children die from causes that are hunger related (Global Hunger 2011) The alarming figure has caused non government organizations to unite and build The Campaign to End Child Poverty, a nonprofit organization working to end child poverty in the UK. Their aim is to drive the government to improve benefits and tax credits for children, and improve housing programs as well. Though the targeted campaigns have ended in 2010, each and every organization that formed the campaign is still actively pursuing their own advocacies towards upholding of human rights for children (End Child Poverty 2011). The United Kingdom upholds several laws on children welfare and protection, particularly on their rights to education, medicine, employment and the justice system. The UK government is also an active participant in global efforts to standardize human rights laws for children, including the United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child, United Nations Declaration of the Rights of the Child, among others (Children’s Rights: United Kingdom, England and Wales 2011). There are also specific programs for healthcare, not only for children but also for mothers, education and labor. In short, UK is one of th e nations that actively push for the observance of children’s rights. In terms of Economy, UK is considered to be the sixth largest in the world as on 2010, according to nominal GDP. It employs free trade among other members of the European Union (EU) and is known to be one of the countries at the forefront of technological advances (UK Economy: The British

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The effects of the 2008 financial crisis on the investment in the Gulf area especially on Qatar - Essay Example The high unemployment rate and the collapse of the financial institutions cumulatively limited the potential of individuals and corporations to invest. The Gulf Area experienced a period of oil-boom during the period between 2003 and 2008, a time when the economy grew by double figures. Qatar was a major distributor of oil in the world and the rising demand underpinned the increase in its sales during this period. The impact of this is that there was reduced unemployment, rise in economic class and the growth of the gross domestic product (Khamis, Senhadji, Hasan, & International Monetary Fund, 2010). On the other hand, the economic development resulted to increase in the public confidence and hence increased borrowing from monetary banks. The public’s incentive to invest and take advantage of the growing business opportunities led to the increase of loans from both public and private sector. As a result, the year 2007 marked the peak of economic debts in financial institutions. During this period also, the international monetary funds and the World Bank encouraged financial institutions to provide low interest loans for the local people to inspire investment (Siddiqi, 2013). The negative impact of this is that the potential to invest became much higher than the available business opportunities, leading to business failure. The global recession affected the world at large and this resulted to an adjustment of the world economic situation. The reduction in the value of local currencies resulted in the decline of the purchasing power. The impact that this had is that there was reduced economic exchange in the international business market. Qatar experienced a period of reduced demand for oil from western countries, which resulted to reduction into its national income. Consequently, the country experienced retarded economic growth, and the GDP

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Studying abroad - Essay Example Problems encountered by international students should be given attention and solutions to help foreigners cope with their new environment and perform well in their studies. This paper will discuss some of these problems such as homesickness and the multi-cultural experiences of international students. Perhaps the most common complaint among foreign students is homesickness. Studies show that â€Å"students in America experience homesickness due to culture shock† (Harrison and Brower). The culture in America is definitely different from most foreign students especially those coming from eastern countries. It is not just the language that is different but the divergences in food, clothing, customs and practices are also quite astonishing to foreign students. This makes them long for familiar environments and people they have been used to. From the studies of Harrison and Brower, this separation anxiety has a strong correlation to psychological hardiness- â€Å"a personality variable that seemingly impact students’ adjustment to their often challenging and bewildering host cultures† (Harrison and Bower). The research of the shows that those who are able to adjust and actively involve themselves in whatever challenges individuals are faced with, experience less h omesickness. In addition, those who are able to act strong and able in their new environment are less stressed and therefore are able to cope with the demands of their host culture. Those who are resilient to changes are also found to be stronger in times of emotional and psychological troubles among foreign students. In contrast to the negative effect of foreign studies, there is also a great advantage especially with those who have strong psychological hardiness and are open to challenging experiences. According to Christine Lee, David Therriault and Tracy Linderholm, â€Å"multicultural experiences such as studying abroad are quantitatively and qualitatively

Advancement of video games Essay Example for Free

Advancement of video games Essay In this paper I will show and explain how the advancement of video games consoles has changed Humanity in more ways than one. I will show how the inventors started their Empires by selling plain, simple playing cards all the way to online gaming linked all around the world. How Nintendo and Atari started as two of the giants in the gaming world and then how Nintendo almost died out when Sega came out with their console. I will also explain how the video game mindset changed overtime and evolved into something worldwide. Hanafuda (President) was the name of the very first 52 deck set of playing cards sold by Fusajiro Yamauchi and his Nintendo Koppai. Fusajiro had a bigger plan and dream. This lead to the first Beam Gun made by Nintendo in 1969 (See PIC. 1) A new employee to the company by the name of Gunpei was told that he should â€Å"Do something new† for Nintendo as the Christmas season was swiftly approaching. Within a few short days, Gunpei introduced the Ultra Hand which was an arm toy. This sold a whopping 1. 2 million copies. (Unknown Author, 2011) The Beam Gun was an Opto-Electronics and was the first of its kind. This was the beginning of Video Game Consoles. (Moby Games, 1999-2012) Even though the Beam Gun was a major success, the official â€Å"Video Game Craze† would not kick off until 1975, when Nintendo signed a contract to work alongside Mitsubishi and produce the first known Cabinet Micro-Computers also known as Arcade Systems. (Moby Games, 1999-2012) Around this same time two friend’s names Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney would also create their own version of a coin-operated arcade cabinet with a space like theme and called it Computer Space. Both Bushnell and Dabney would become Co-Founders of the Atari Company, Nintendo’s first biggest competition. With all the success of Nintendo, a second known Video Arcade company would step up to challenge Nintendo in sales. This company was Atari Co. Atari’s first break-through was signing a deal with Sears Roebuck Co. and having their â€Å"Atari Pong† featured in Sears Roebuck’s catalog. (See Pic2) The Atari Pong went on to sell over 150,000 units. This set the way for Atari’s most known and most popular creation, The Atari 2600. (Unknown, 2011) The Atari 2600 was released just before the Christmas season of 1977 at $199. 99. The Atari 2600 was the first console that introduced Pac-Man and went on to sell well over 30 million units before being discontinued in 1992. While Atari had the 2600 with Pac-Man to play on it, this pair was pretty much the â€Å"match made in heaven† but Nintendo didn’t cross their hands and let Atari win over the industry they created. Nintendo introduced the NES (Nintendo Entertainment System, see PIC. 4) The NES was released in July of 1983 and featured classic games such as Zelda, Tetris, Donkey Kong and the most popular game of them all, Mario Bros. Nintendo showed to be the stronger of the two as the NES went on to sell over 61 million units before Nintendo discontinued the system with the release of the Super Nintendo which was a 16bit unit as to the NES which was an 8bit unit. These two companies would be the only two standing video game companies until Sega Genesis came out in the early 90’s and promised to give Nintendo a good challenge. Sega came out with a bigger marketing scheme and also, a much faster system. By this time, more than 800,000 Nintendo NES units were sold worldwide making it difficult for any company to come anywhere near Nintendo’s sales numbers and simultaneously get the consumer to spend another $150 on a new console that had faster graphics and more life-like sports games. Sega spent a lot of money marketing their Sega Genesis system by bashing on Nintendo’s graphics. Sega Genesis made several commercials and a slogan stating â€Å"Sega does what NintenDON’T† (here is a link to one of the commercials, http://www.youtube. com/watch? v=zlulSyBI2aY). By the early 2000’s Sega had developed a system that connected to the internet. This would be the beginning to a whole new gaming world. (Unknown, 2007) Sega invented the Sega Dreamcast which had the feature of being able to log online from your console. This was great at first until consumers noticed that the unit kept crashing and slowing down while online. This was never corrected by Sega which lead to the downfall of the Dream Cast system. Nintendo and Sega would stay at the forefront in the gaming industry until Sony decided to invest into the â€Å"Gamers world† creating the first ever Sony Playstation in 1994 (See PIC6). Sony had perfected what the Dreamcast lacked in and featured faster online game play and up to 4 jacks for 4 player gaming. Sony decided to release the Playstation 2(See PIC7). I personally remember this system because at the time of its release in November, 2000. I was working for Montgomery Wards. The night before it was scheduled to hit shelves nationwide, there was people camping outside to be the first to buy the Sony Playstation. I remember stopping and staring for a while as hundreds of people lined up with camp tents and blankets to keep them warm on a freezing cold Chicago night just to be the first to purchase this Sony sequel to a very successful Playstation system. The PS2 went on to sell well over 154 million systems worldwide making it the most popular gaming unit and taking the historic sales that the NES had produced from the 80’s and early 90’s. I highly doubt that Mr. Fusajiro Yamauchi would have ever thought that his company would go from selling plain old playing cards to a gaming world never thought possible. Lets forward to 2012. To this date there are three major consoles out in the market. The PS3 made by Sony playstation, the X-BOX 360 made by Microsoft and the Nintendo WII (See PIC8, 910). The features on these units are incredible. For example, the PS3 has an integrated blu-ray reader so you can play your blu-ray, DVD and CD’s on the PS3 console. Both the PS3 and X-Box 360 have online gaming where the player can actually login online and play a game with someone on the other side of the planet. There are headsets where you can listen and speak to other gamers from anywhere in the world. The PS3 and Nintendo WII have taken it one step further. On these two consoles you can now download Netflix and watch an unlimited number of movies straight from your console. In this essay I have shown and explained the advancements of video game consoles and how they changed Humanity in more ways than one. In my opinion the advancements of Game Consoles have been a perfect example on how we as people progress and improve over time. Anything we did 20 or 30 years ago cannot compare to what we have now. We can be talking about cars, buildings, computers, the way we communicated from mail to email to facebook and video gaming is no exception to these constant improvements and progress. PIC. 1 this was the Beam Gun created by Nintendo PIC. 2. This was the Atari Pong featured in Sears Roebuck Co. Catalog PIC. 3. Atari’s biggest creation, the 2600. PIC4. Nintendo’s NES system PIC5. Sega Genesis Console. PIC6. Sony Playstation PIC7. Sony Playstation 2 PIC8. Microsoft X-BOX 360 PIC9. Sony PS3 PIC10. Nintendo WII Video Game Consoles Annotated Bibliography Unknown Author, 2011). The History of Nijtendo: 1960-1970. http://www. snesclassics. com/history/nintendo. php This article explains a history on how Gunpei designed Nintendo’s first hand held video game and opened the door to a new concept for the Nintendo Company. Moby Games (1999-2012). The fall of Nintendo: Nintendo’s Beginnings. http://www. mobygames. com/featured_article/feature,15/section,129/ : This article provides information on the beginnings of what eventually would become the largest manufacturer of Video game consoles, Nintendo Co. It explains how Fusajiro Yamauchi, began the company in a small town in Japan. The company manufactured playing cards known as Hanafuda. This was a 52 deck set of Japanese playing cards. The article explains how the company evolved from playing cards to manufacturing a system called the Beam Gun Series which used opto-electronics in 1969. In 1975 Nintendo signed a contract with Mitsubishi to produce the first ever electronic video recorder (EVR). This evolved into the cabinet micro-computers also known as coin operated arcade games in the 1970’s and kicked off the arcade game craze. Unknown Author(2011). Video Computer System: Atari 2600. http://www. atarimuseum.com/videogames/consoles/2600menu/2600menu. htm : This article explains how Atari’s first home video game console, the Atari 2600 was developed and sold in 1977. The initial selling price was $199. 99 which was a lot of money back in the 70’s. IT also explains how a merger with Nintendo was about to happen until Ray Kassar, Atari’s CEO was let go. This made Nintendo change their mind and went on to produce their console solo. Unknown Author (2011). Atari Consoles: Atari Pong. http://www. atarimuseum. com/videogames/dedicated/homepong. html : The Atari Pong was very popular in bar scene during the early 70’s. Atari arcade engineer Bob Brown designed a home version of Pong and got Sears Roebuck Co. to add it into their catalog. Sears was hoping to sell 50,000 units by Christmas of 1977 and ended up moving 150,000 units. Unknown Author (2007). Sega Genesis: Where were you when the 1980’s were about to end? http://www. digitpress. com/systems/genesis. htm : This article is great because it explains how the feeling was around the time when Sega Genesis came into the market to give Nintendo a run for their money with the creation of Sonic the Hedgehog and slogans such as â€Å"Sega does what Nintendon’t†.